Sepsis

Sepsis

Why it Matters? 

  • Researchers at the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Calicut have developed a portable, low-cost electrochemical biosensor for rapid point-of-care (POC) detection of sepsis using endotoxin as a biomarker. 

What You Should Know? 

  • Sepsis is a life-threatening medical emergency caused by the body’s dysregulated immune response to infection, leading to widespread inflammation, organ dysfunction, and potentially death. 

  • Sepsis is most commonly caused by bacterial infections, but fungal, viral, and parasitic infections can also trigger it.  

  • Major sources include:  

  • pneumonia (lungs) 

  • urinary tract infections (UTIs),  

  • appendicitis or peritonitis (abdomen) 

  • cellulitis (skin) 

  • meningitis (central nervous system) 

  • High-risk groups for sepsis include the elderly (above 65), pregnant women, and individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, cancer, or weakened immune systems.  

  • Symptoms of Sepsis: 

  • Fever or hypothermia 

  • Confusion or altered mental status 

  • Shortness of breath (hyperventilation) 

  • Rapid heart rate (tachycardia) 

  • Low blood pressure (hypotension) 

  • Decreased urine output 

  • Clammy or sweaty skin 

  • Sepsis rash (discoloration or dark red spots) 

  • Extreme pain or discomfort