Sudan

Sudan
  • Context: Sudanese Rapid Support Forces (RSF) claimed control over a strategic border zone with Libya and Egypt amid ongoing civil war; Sudanese military evacuated the area, accusing Libyan commander Khalifa Hifter of supporting RSF in an act of blatant aggression against Sudan. 

  • Important Pointers:  

  • Location: Sudan is a country in northeastern Africa

  • Bordering Countries: Shares borders with South Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Egypt, Libya, Chad, and the Central African Republic

  • Geographic Features: Lies between the Sahara Desert in the north and the forests of West Africa and the Congo River basin in the south. 

  • Coastline: Has a significant coastline along the Red Sea, providing access to the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal

  • Capital City: Khartoum, located at the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers

  • Currency: Sudanese Pound (SDG)

  • Colonial History: Was under joint British-Egyptian rule from 1899; functioned effectively as a British colony

  • Independence: Gained independence from Anglo-Egyptian co-rule in 1956

  • Political History: Dominated by military regimes favouring Islamic-oriented governments since independence. 

  • South Sudan Connection: Included South Sudan until its secession in 2011

  • Past Size: Before 2011, Sudan was the largest country in Africa, covering over 8% of Africa and nearly 2% of the world's land area

  • Topography: Mostly composed of deserts, arid grasslands, massive plains, and plateaus