Species in News: Kashmir Markhor
Context:
A recent report by Down To Earth highlights that the Kashmir Markhor is on the brink of local extinction due to mounting threats (like unplanned development and poaching)
About the Species:
It is among the largest wild goats in the world, weighing approximately 100 kg.
It is distinguished by its long, spiralling corkscrew horns and a flowing ruff on the chin, neck, and shoulders
They are mixed feeders
Their diet consists of grasses, herbs, shrubs, leaves, and twigs
They are integral to high-altitude food chains as key prey for predators (snow leopards, common leopards, and wolves)
Habitat & Distribution:
The Kazinag range remains its last stronghold in India
Smaller, fragmented populations persist in the Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary (Shopian), Tattakuti Wildlife Sanctuary, and near the Banihal Pass in the Pir Panjal range
Key Threats:
There is a high dietary overlap between the Markhor and domestic livestock.
The annual influx of nomadic livestock during the breeding season creates immense pressure on forage
Infrastructure development.
Heavy poaching
Conservation Efforts:
These include efforts like the designation of a National Park in the Kazinag range dedicated to the Markhor and the formal notification of the Tattakuti Wildlife Sanctuary
The Wildlife Trust of India (WTI) and the Department of Wildlife Protection act as key stakeholders in monitoring sites and reducing threats.