Quantum Computing (Science and Technology)
Quantum Computing (Science and Technology)
Why In News:
With an approved outlay of Rs 6,003.65 Crore over 8 years (2023-2031), the National Quantum Mission aims to position India among the top quantum science powers globally, complementing the National Supercomputing Mission and IndiaAI Mission.
What is Quantum Computing?
Classical computers use bits (0 or 1); quantum computers use qubits, which can exist in superposition (simultaneously 0 and 1), enabling exponentially faster computation for specific problem types.
Key quantum principles: Superposition, Quantum Entanglement, and Quantum Interference.
Applications: cryptography, drug discovery, climate modelling, materials science, financial risk optimisation, and AI acceleration.
National Quantum Mission (NQM)
Approved by the Union Cabinet in April 2023.
Overseen by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science and Technology.
Target: develop intermediate-scale quantum computers of 50-1000 qubits within 8 years.
4 Thematic Hubs at leading academic institutions covering Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication, Quantum Sensing and Metrology, and Quantum Materials and Devices.
Related Technology Missions
National Supercomputing Mission (NSM): Launched in 2015, aims to empower the country with high-performance computing (HPC) capabilities.
IndiaAI Mission: With 38,000 Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and seven core pillars, it aims to democratize AI access.
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD): Uses quantum principles to create theoretically unbreakable communication channels, critical for national security and financial systems.