President's Rule in States and UTs
Context:
The Centre is currently holding security review meetings to discuss the restoration of a popular government in Manipur, which has been under President's Rule.
The rule is set to expire on February 13, 2026 (one year since its imposition), prompting discussions on whether to extend it or facilitate government formation.
Constitutional Provisions:
Article 356:
It empowers the President to issue a proclamation if satisfied that a situation has arisen where the government of the State cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution.
A proclamation must be approved by both Houses of Parliament within two months.
If approved, it lasts for six months.
It can be extended for a maximum of three years (with approval every six months).
Extension beyond one year requires two conditions:
A National Emergency is in operation
The Election Commission certifies that elections cannot be held.
The President can revoke the proclamation at any time without parliamentary approval.
Current Scenario in Manipur:
The Manipur Assembly is currently in suspended animation meaning the legislature exists but is not functioning.
If the government decides to extend President's Rule beyond February 13, a Constitution Amendment Bill (or statutory resolution depending on the context of the 3-year limit) may be required if specific conditions aren't met, or simply a parliamentary resolution if within the general limits.
Historical Data:
Historically, President's Rule has been imposed numerous times across various states (like Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar) due to political instability or loss of majority.
Proclamations are published in the Gazette of India under the authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs.