National Commission for Backward Classes
Context: Shri Hansraj Gangaram Ahir, the Chairperson, and Shri Bhuvan Bhushan Kamal, Member, National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC), presented the Annual Reports of the NCBC, for the years 2022-23 and 2023-24, to President of India, Smt. Draupadi Murmu, on 29th May 2025.
Important Pointers:
Constitutional Status: NCBC was granted constitutional status by The Constitution (One Hundred and Second Amendment) Act, 2018.
Article Insertions: The amendment inserted Article 338B (NCBC), Article 342A (Socially and Educationally Backward Classes - SEBCs), and Clause 26C in Article 366 (definition of SEBCs).
Initial Formation: Initially formed under the National Commission for Backward Classes Act, 1993 under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (MoSJE).
Composition: NCBC comprises a Chairperson, a Vice-Chairperson, and three Members (all in the rank and pay of Secretary to the Government of India).
Appointment: All members are appointed by the President of India by warrant under his hand and seal.
Functions under Article 338B (5):
Monitoring Safeguards: To investigate and monitor matters relating to constitutional and legal safeguards for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBCs).
Handling Complaints: To inquire into specific complaints regarding the deprivation of rights of SEBCs.
Developmental Role: To participate in and advise on socio-economic development policies for SEBCs and evaluate their progress.
Reporting to President: To submit annual or special reports to the President of India regarding the working of safeguards.
Recommendations: To recommend to the Union and State Governments measures for the protection and advancement of SEBCs.
Other Functions: To carry out any other functions specified by the President, subject to a law made by Parliament.
Powers:
Civil Court Powers: NCBC has powers of a civil court (e.g., summon individuals, demand documents, receive affidavits).
Mandatory Consultation: The Union and State Governments must consult NCBC on all major policy matters affecting SEBCs.
Autonomous Procedure: The Commission has the power to regulate its own procedure.