Great Nicobar Infrastructure Project (GNIP)

Great Nicobar Infrastructure Project (GNIP)

Why it Matters? 

  • The Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) for the ₹72,000-crore Great Nicobar Infrastructure Project downplays earthquake risks despite expert warnings about the region's high seismic vulnerability and the need for site-specific studies. 

What You Should Know? 

  • The Great Nicobar Island Project (GNIP) was launched in 2021 to develop strategic infrastructure at the southern end of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 

  • It involves setting up a transshipment port, an international airport, a township, and a 450 megavolt-Amperes (MVA) gas and solar-based power plant. 

  • The project is implemented by the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation (ANIIDCO). 

  • GNIP is strategically located near the Malacca Strait, connecting the Indian Ocean to the Pacific and boosting maritime trade. 

  • NITI Aayog identified GNI’s location as ideal for tapping into regional shipping between Colombo, Port Klang, and Singapore. 

  • The International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT) is planned at Galathea Bay, an uninhabited part of the island. 

  • The project aims to reduce India's dependence on foreign ports for cargo transshipment. 

  • UNEP defines Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as a tool used to identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. 

  • Environment Impact Assessment in India is statutorily backed by the Environment Protection Act, 1986 which contains various provisions on EIA methodology and process. 

  • Andaman and Nicobar group of islands fall under seismic zone V.