Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

Why it Matters? 

  • The DRC-Rwanda U.S.-brokered peace deal and Qatar-mediated ceasefire with M23 rebels quickly collapsed as fighting resumed. Despite promises of disarmament, withdrawal, and cooperation, violations persisted.  

What You Should Know?  

  • The DRC is located in Central Africa and shares borders with nine countries, including Rwanda, Uganda, and Zambia. 

  • Its capital city is Kinshasa, and it is the second-largest country in Africa. 

  • It has the mineral-rich Katanga Plateau known for cobalt, copper, tin, uranium, and diamonds. It holds approximately 70% of the world’s cobalt reserves. 

  • The Congo River, Africa’s second-longest river which cuts the equator twice, flows through the country.  

  • The eastern DRC faces conflict due to the 1994 Rwandan genocide spillover and armed groups like M23 competing for minerals. 

  • In June 2023, the DRC and Rwanda signed a U.S.-brokered peace agreement to cease hostilities and integrate armed groups.