Biofloc Technology
Why it Matters?
Biofloc Technology (BFT) is being highlighted as a key innovative and sustainable aquaculture practice at the World Food India 2025 exhibition.
Its promotion under initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) underscores its importance in developing a climate-resilient and resource-efficient fish farming sector in India.
PMMSY has approved 4,205 Biofloc units with an investment of ₹523.30 crores, empowering farmers with low-cost, high-efficiency solutions.
What you should know?
BFT is an advanced system that enhances environmental control over fish production by converting waste materials (ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate) into protein-rich feed.
The technology works by maintaining a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio in the water, thus improving water quality and fish health.
This encourages the growth of heterotrophic microbes which consume nitrogenous waste and convert it into a protein source for the fish.
The "floc" created by the microbes serves as a natural, protein-rich food source for the fish, which can reduce the reliance on and cost of external feed.
It operates with minimal or zero water exchange which makes it a highly efficient system for regions with scarce water resources.
The system is most effective for species that can tolerate high solid concentrations and poor water quality, such as tilapia and carp.
Benefits of Biofloc Technology:
The system is an eco-friendly culture system and demands minimal or limited water exchange.
Improved bio-security and efficiently prevent the risks associated with dangerous pathogens and water pollution.
BFT reduces the use of protein-rich feed and promotes cost-effective feed production