Ayushman Bharat (Health, Diseases and Biotechnology)
1. Ayushman Bharat (Health, Diseases and Biotechnology)
Why In News: * India's flagship health architecture — Ayushman Bharat — highlighted key milestones including medical college expansion, reduction in maternal and infant mortality, and digital health infrastructure.
The Four Pillars of Ayushman Bharat: * Health & Wellness Centres (AB-HWCs): 1.86 lakh+ HWCs providing comprehensive primary healthcare at the grassroots level. First contact point for preventive, promotive and curative care. * PM-JAY (Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana): World's largest health insurance scheme. Health cover of ₹5 lakh per family per year (bottom 40% of population). Cashless treatment at empanelled hospitals. * Digital Health Mission (ABDM — Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission): ABHA IDs (Ayushman Bharat Health Account). Creates a unified digital health ecosystem. * PM-ABHIM (PM Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission): Strengthening tertiary care in district hospitals. Addresses critical infrastructure gaps at secondary and tertiary levels.
Key Prelims Facts: * PM-JAY Coverage: Does not cover OPD (Outpatient). 3-day pre-hospitalisation and 15-day post-hospitalisation expenses covered. * Implementing Ministry: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Implemented through National Health Authority (NHA) — an autonomous body.